Nelson Mandela dead at 95
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images of civil rights leader Nelson Mandela, who went from
anti-apartheid activist to prisoner to South Africa's first black
president.
"He is now resting," said South African President Jacob Zuma. "He is now at peace."
"Our nation has lost his greatest son," he continued. "Our people have lost their father."
A state funeral will be held, and Zuma called for mourners to conduct themselves with "the dignity and respect" that Mandela personified.
"Wherever we are in the country, wherever we are in the world, let us reaffirm his vision of a society… in which none is exploited, oppressed or dispossessed by another," he said as tributes began pouring in from across the world.
Though he was in power for only five years, Mandela was a figure of enormous moral influence the world over – a symbol of revolution, resistance and triumph over racial segregation.
He inspired a generation of activists, left celebrities and world leaders star-struck, won the Nobel Peace Prize and raised millions for humanitarian causes.
South Africa is still bedeviled by challenges, from class inequality to political corruption to AIDS. And with Mandela’s death, it has lost a beacon of optimism.
Feb.
1990: NBC's Robin Lloyd reports on Nelson Mandela on the eve of his
release from prison in 1990. Mandela's name has become a rallying cry
for the overthrow of apartheid, but no one but prison guards and
visitors have actually seen him since he was jailed 27 years ago.
In
his jailhouse memoirs, Mandela wrote that even after spending so many
years in a Spartan cell on Robben Island – with one visitor a year and
one letter every six months – he still had faith in human nature.“No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion,” he wrote in “Long Walk to Freedom.”
“People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.”
Mandela retired from public life in 2004 with the half-joking directive, “Don’t call me, I’ll call you,” and had largely stepped out of the spotlight, spending much of his time with family in his childhood village.
His health had been fragile in recent years. He had spent almost three months in a hospital in Pretoria after being admitted in June for a recurring lung infection. He was released on Sept. 1.
In his later years, Mandela was known to his countrymen simply as Madiba, the name of his tribe and a mark of great honor. But when he was born on July 18, 1918, he was named Rolihlahla, which translated roughly – and prophetically – to “troublemaker.”
Mandela was nine when his father died, and he was sent from his rural village to the provincial capital to be raised by a fellow chief. The first member of his family to get a formal education, he went to boarding school and then enrolled in South Africa’s elite Fort Hare University, where his activism unfurled with a student boycott.
As a young law scholar, he joined the resurgent African National Congress just a few years before the National Party – controlled by the Afrikaners, the descendants of Dutch and French settlers – came to power on a platform of apartheid, in which the government enforced racial segregation and stripped non-whites of economic and political power.
As an ANC leader, Mandela advocated peaceful resistance against government discrimination and oppression – until 1961, when he launched a military wing called Spear of the Nation and a campaign of sabotage.
April, 1994: Former political prisoner Nelson Mandela is on the verge of being elected South Africa's first black president.
The
next year, he was arrested and soon hit with treason charges. At the
opening of his trial in 1964, he said his adoption of armed struggle was
a last resort born of bloody crackdowns by the government.“Fifty years of non-violence had brought the African people nothing but more and more repressive legislation and fewer and few rights,” he said from the dock.
“I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal for which I hope to live for and achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.”
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The New York Times
Published on Dec 5, 2013
Subscribe on YouTube: http://bit.ly/U8Ys7nNelson Mandela, who led the emancipation of South Africa from white minority rule and served as his country's first black president, died at 95.
Read the story: http://nyti.ms/1jrjEyE
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